Briefing de orientação Catar

Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar within the last 60 years transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant hydrocarbon revenues. Former Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, who overthrew his father in a bloodless coup in 1995, ushered in wide-sweeping political and media reforms, unprecedented economic investment, and a growing Qatari regional leadership role, in part through the creation of the pan-Arab satellite news network Al-Jazeera and Qatar's mediation of some regional conflicts. In the 2000s, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, and by 2007, Doha had attained the highest per capita income in the world. Qatar did not experience domestic unrest or violence like that seen in other Near Eastern and North African countries in 2011, due in part to its immense wealth and patronage network. In mid-2013, HAMAD peacefully abdicated, transferring power to his son, the current Amir TAMIM bin Hamad. TAMIM is popular with the Qatari public for his role in shepherding the country through an economic embargo from some other regional countries, for his efforts to improve the country's healthcare and education systems, and for his expansion of the country's infrastructure in anticipation of hosting international sporting events. Qatar became the first country in the Arab world to host the FIFA Men’s World Cup in 2022.

Following the outbreak of regional unrest in 2011, Doha prided itself on its support for many popular revolutions, particularly in Libya and Syria. This stance was to the detriment of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which temporarily recalled their respective ambassadors from Doha in 2014. TAMIM later oversaw a warming of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE in November 2014 following Kuwaiti mediation and signing of the Riyadh Agreement. This reconciliation, however, was short-lived. In 2017, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE (the "Quartet") cut diplomatic and economic ties with Qatar in response to alleged violations of the agreement, among other complaints. They restored ties in 2021 after signing a declaration at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit in Al Ula, Saudi Arabia. In 2022, the United States designated Qatar as a major non-NATO ally.

Events in the region, including political developments, have an impact on local public opinion. Be aware of local sensitivities on these issues. Follow news reports and avoid public gatherings and demonstrations. There is the potential for increased tension on Fridays.

If any incidents occur, monitor local media reports and follow the advice of the local authorities.

Regional tensions

The context in the Middle East remains deeply unpredictable and the risk of sudden escalation is high. Since conflict began in early 2026, Iran has stated its intention to target locations associated with the US and Israel, including, but not limited to, organisations, businesses, facilities, and institutions. There have been strikes and retaliatory attacks by Iran and others across the region against civilian and US military infrastructure.

British nationals in, or planning to travel through, the Middle East should be prepared for possible flight cancellations, airspace closures, and travel disruptions. You should:

• read If you’re affected by a crisis abroad - GOV.UK. This includes guidance on “how to prepare for a crisis” with suggestions on what you might include in your emergency supplies and “what to do in a crisis”  

• sign up to FCDO Travel Advice email alerts 

• follow advice from the local authorities 

• monitor local and international media for the latest information, including updates relating to airports and airspace which could close at short notice 

• stay away from areas around security or military facilities  

• keep your departure plans under review, and ensure your travel documents are up to date 

• if advised to take shelter, stay indoors or find the nearest safe building or designated shelter. An interior stairwell or a room with as few external walls or windows as possible may provide additional protection. The greatest risk is from falling debris caused by intercepts, and you are safest inside a secure structure. Do not approach or touch any drone or missile fragments or unusual objects

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

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Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Qatar

Terrorist attacks in Qatar cannot be ruled out.

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals. Stay aware of your surroundings, keep up to date with local media reports and follow the advice of local authorities.

Terrorists issue statements threatening to carry out attacks in the Gulf region. These include references to attacks on western interests, including:

• residential compounds
• military sites
• oil
• transport and aviation interests
• restaurants and hotels
• beaches
• shopping centres
• mosques
• large demonstrations

Political situation

Events in the region, including political developments, have an impact on local public opinion. Be aware of local sensitivities on these issues. Follow news reports and avoid public gatherings and demonstrations. There is the potential for increased tension on Fridays.

If any incidents occur, monitor local media reports and follow the advice of the local authorities.

Crime

Crime levels are low, but take sensible precautions to protect yourself and your belongings.

Sexual assault

Female visitors and residents should take care when walking or travelling alone, particularly at night. Always use pre-booked taxis from reputable taxi companies or recognised taxi apps. Check the registration number and confirm that the driver has your name. Let someone know you are on the way and give them the registration details of the car.

Personal attacks, including sexual assault and rape, are relatively rare, but do happen. Qatari law places a high burden of proof on the victim to demonstrate that sexual relations were not consensual. If the court determines sex was consensual, the victim or attacker may still face prosecution for the offence of sex outside of marriage.

If you have been sexually assaulted, contact the British Embassy in Doha on 00 974 4496 2000. You can also read our guidance for victims of rape or sexual assault in Qatar.

Laws and cultural differences

Qatar is an Islamic country. Respect local traditions, customs, laws and religions. Make sure your actions do not cause offence, especially during the holy month of Ramadan or when visiting religious areas.

Religion

Religion is a sensitive topic in Qatar, approach any discussions with care. You could face imprisonment for defaming, desecrating, or committing blasphemy against Islam, Christianity or Judaism. Public worship and proselytising by non-Islamic faiths is illegal and can result in deportation or imprisonment.

Personal ID

You must always carry your passport as an official form of identification. A copy is usually acceptable, but in some situations you may have to produce the original at a police station within a specified time limit.

If you live in Qatar, your residence card is acceptable.

Dress code

Dress modestly in public, including while driving:

*men and women should cover their shoulders and knees * the dress code is strictly enforced in government buildings, healthcare facilities and banks - you may be asked to leave or be denied entry

Ramadan

Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims. The dates change every year. Ramadan in Qatar in 2026 will likely start on 17 February and will last approximately 30 days. During this time, do not:

• eat, drink, smoke or chew gum in public in the daytime, including in your car
• play loud music or dance
• swear in public

Get more advice when you arrive from your tour guide, hotel or business contacts.

You should also:

• check opening hours of shops and restaurants
• be aware that if hotels and restaurants are providing food or drink in fasting hours, they may separate you from Islamic guests, for example with screens
• follow local dress codes – clothing that does not meet local dress codes may cause more offence at this time
• be aware that driving may be erratic, particularly when people are trying to get home at dusk
• be patient and show tolerance

Alcohol laws and bans

Only licensed hotels, restaurants and bars can sell alcohol. Expatriates living in Qatar can get alcohol on a permit system. Don’t carry alcohol around with you (except to take it on the day of collection from the warehouse to your home). The legal drinking age in Qatar is 21. Places serving alcohol will ask for original photo IDs (copies are not accepted) upon entry.

It is illegal to drink alcohol or be drunk in public. For example, if you drink in a non-licenced public place, you could get a prison sentence of up to 6 months or a fine up to 3,000 Qatari riyals.

Relationships outside marriage

Any intimacy in public, between any couples (including between teenagers), can lead to arrest.

Couples living together while unmarried is illegal in Qatar. Sex outside marriage is illegal for both same-sex and opposite-sex couples. You can be arrested and punishments can include a fine, a custodial sentence and deportation once the sentence is complete.

Because of laws on sex outside marriage, if someone becomes pregnant outside marriage, both partners could face imprisonment or deportation. Doctors will ask for proof of marriage during antenatal checks.

An unmarried woman who gives birth in Qatar may also face problems registering the birth of the child in Qatar, and could be arrested, imprisoned or deported. To get a birth certificate from the Qatari authorities, you must provide a marriage certificate. Authorities may compare the marriage date against the estimated date of conception.

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual activity is illegal in Qatar. See our information and advice page for the LGBT+ community before you travel.

Protests

Organisers of protests need to get permission from the Ministry of Interior. This must be done in advance and cannot be spontaneous.

Swearing and rude gestures

Swearing and making rude gestures are considered obscene acts. You can be jailed or deported. Take particular care when dealing with police and other officials.

Smoking and e-cigarette bans

Smoking is prohibited in all closed public spaces including educational institutions, healthcare facilities, public transport, malls, restaurants and government buildings.

It is illegal to vape or use an e-cigarette. Police can arrest you and courts can impose a fine, a prison sentence or deportation.

Illegal drugs and prison sentences

There is zero tolerance for drugs-related offences in Qatar. Some medications that are legal in other countries are illegal in Qatar. See guidance on medications that you can bring into Qatar.

Penalties for using, trafficking, smuggling and possessing drugs, including cannabis, (even residual amounts) are severe.

You should expect a long prison sentence, deportation and heavy fines for possessing, using or smuggling illegal drugs, including when transiting through the airport. 

Airports in Qatar have highly effective technology and security for detecting illegal items. This is also used to scan the baggage of transiting passengers.

Using cameras, binoculars and drones

Be aware of cultural sensitivities when filming or photographing. Taking pictures and sharing any visual imagery of people without their consent can lead to imprisonment or a fine of up to 100,000 Qatari riyals.

Some visitors attempting to film or photograph near religious, military, government or construction sites have been arrested. If in doubt, seek permission.

Drone use, including aerial photography and filming, is regulated in Qatar. You may need licences or permits before importing or operating a drone. Breaching drone regulations may result in fines, imprisonment and confiscation of equipment.

Check the latest requirements with the relevant Qatari authorities before travelling.

Journalistic activity

Journalists must get permission from the Qatar News Agency (QNA) to film or photograph as part of their work and enter the country on a visiting press permit. Even with permission to film or photograph, you cannot capture or share imagery of individuals without their consent. This permit allows you to take technical equipment like cameras through airport customs.

Social media

There are strict privacy laws in Qatar. See the guidelines for using cameras and binoculars. Posting messages, videos or photos that appear to insult or slander people, or are culturally insensitive, may be considered a crime. Individuals have been detained, prosecuted and convicted for posting this type of material.

Financial crimes

Financial crimes include:

• fraud
• giving somebody a cheque which bounces (including post-dated and ‘security’ cheques)
• non-payment of bills (for example hotel bills or car hire)

You may also be liable for cheques that you have signed on behalf of a company.

Financial crimes can be punished with:

• imprisonment
• travel ban
• fines
• deportation
• freezing bank accounts and other assets
• seizing of any end-of-service benefits or bonuses 
• blocking your access to possible future sponsors (employers)

If you have unpaid loans or financial commitments you may be prevented from leaving Qatar.

See more details about financial crimes if you are living and working in Qatar.

Transport risks

If you are planning to drive in Qatar, see information on driving abroad.  

If you do not have a Qatari driving license, you’ll need to have both the 1968 version of the international driving permit (IDP) and your UK driving licence with you in the car. You cannot buy an IDP outside the UK, so get one before you travel.   

To drive for longer than 6 months you’ll need to apply for a Qatari driving licence.

Driving regulations

The driver and front seat passenger must wear their seat belts at all times. It is illegal to use a mobile phone while driving - you could be fined 500 Qatari riyals.

It’s illegal to drink and drive, and there is zero tolerance for it. Driving under the influence of any amount of alcohol is punishable by a prison sentence of between one month and 3 years or a fine of 10,000 to 50,000 Qatari riyals, or both. Offenders may also be deported.

Even minor expressions of ‘road rage’ like rude gestures can attract significant penalties. You may be:

• fined
• imprisoned
• deported
• banned from leaving the country until your case has been resolved – serious cases may take up to 6 months to be heard

Check the Metrash2 app before trying to leave the country, which lists any outstanding traffic violations. If you have an outstanding violation, you could be detained at immigration and denied onward travel. Fines for all violations should be settled in full before you travel.

Road safety

Road discipline is very poor; speeds are high and accidents are common. A driver flashing their lights can mean they are coming through rather than giving way.

If you have an accident, it’s illegal to leave the scene of the accident without reporting it on the  METRASH application, but if no one has been injured and it’s safe to do so, you can move your vehicle to a safer place. You’ll need to get a police report for insurance purposes. Accident investigation processes and punishments for violations may be different to the UK.

Desert drives

Excursions to the desert can be hazardous unless in a properly-equipped 4x4 vehicle. You should:

• travel in convoy with other cars
• take a supply of water and a mobile telephone
• leave travel plans with friends or relatives
• check your vehicle has the correct insurance

Sea travel

Take care when travelling by dhow. The safety of these vessels may not be up to UK standards. Make sure life jackets are available.

Many areas of the Gulf are highly sensitive, including near maritime boundaries and the islands of Abu Musa and the Tunbs in the southern Gulf. Vessels entering these areas have been detained and inspected, and there have been occasional arrests. Make careful enquiries before entering these waters or visiting ports.

Regional tensions may also affect your route. Vessels operating in the Gulf of Oman, Northern Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden and Bab El Mandeb regions may be at increased risk of maritime attack.

Before you travel, check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 999 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance or medical assistance company promptly if you’re referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Qatar
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you’ll face in Qatar.

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

TravelHealthPro explains best practice when travelling with medicines.

Bringing medication into Qatar

Some prescribed and over-the-counter medicines may be controlled substances in Qatar. If you need to bring controlled or prescription medication into Qatar, make sure you follow the steps required by the Qatar Ministry of Public Health, including carrying a prescription and medical report in English or Arabic containing details of your medication and treatment, issued within the last 6 months.

The Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) provides an electronic service which enables travellers arriving to the State of Qatar to submit applications for permits allowing them to carry controlled medicines for personal use, with the ability to track their applications and receive permits online.

Healthcare in Qatar

Healthcare facilities in Qatar are similar to those in the UK. Visitors will be required to pay for medical treatment. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation to the UK or the country where you live. Read more about what your travel insurance should cover.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Qatar where some staff will speak English.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also guidance on TravelHealthPro.