Orientation briefing in Sao Tome and Principe

To prepare a mission or a new post: the essential context, region by region. This briefing does not replace your organisation's security briefing on arrival.

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe1 / 15

Overview

Alert levelNo general travel restrictionOfficial advice updated on 10 December 2025 (FCDO)

1open jobs

1organisations hiring

0violent events in 3 months

Capital: Sao Tome · Region: Central Africa

To prepare a mission or a new post: the essential context, region by region. This briefing does not replace your organisation's security briefing on arrival.

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe2 / 15

Socio-political and economic situation

History and context

Portugal discovered and colonized the uninhabited Sao Tome and Principe islands in the late 15th century, setting up a sugar-based economy that gave way to coffee and cocoa in the 19th century -- all grown with African slave labor, a form of which lingered into the 20th century. While independence was achieved in 1975, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s.

The country held its first free elections in 1991, but frequent internal wrangling among the various political parties precipitated repeated changes in leadership and failed, non-violent coup attempts in 1995, 1998, 2003, and 2009. In 2012, three opposition parties combined in a no-confidence vote to bring down the majority government of former Prime Minister Patrice TROVOADA, but legislative elections returned him to the office two years later. President Evaristo CARVALHO, of the same political party as TROVOADA, was elected in 2016, marking a rare instance in which the same party held the positions of president and prime minister. TROVOADA resigned in 2018 and was replaced by Jorge BOM JESUS. Carlos Vila NOVA was elected president in 2021. TROVOADA began his fourth stint as prime minister in 2022, after his party's victory in legislative elections. 

Political system

semi-presidential republic

Political situation

Economic difficulties and political rows over the handling of investments in São Tomé and Príncipe’s development can occasionally lead to civil unrest. 

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe3 / 15

Ethnic groups, languages, religions

Ethnic groups

Mestico, Angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), Forros (descendants of freed slaves), Servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cabo Verde), Tongas (children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese), Asians (mostly Chinese)

Languages

Portuguese 98.4% (official), Forro 36.2%, Cabo Verdian 8.5%, French 6.8%, Angolar 6.6%, English 4.9%, Lunguie 1%, other (including sign language) 2.4%; other Portuguese-based Creoles are also spoken (2012 est.)

Religions

Catholic 55.7%, Adventist 4.1%, Assembly of God 3.4%, New Apostolic 2.9%, Mana 2.3%, Universal Kingdom of God 2%, Jehovah's Witness 1.2%, other 6.2%, none 21.2%, unspecified 1% (2012 est.)

Country profiles: The World Factbook (CIA), public domain, last edition (2025-2026).

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe4 / 15

Economy and society

Economic overview

lower middle-income Central African island economy; falling cocoa production due to drought and mismanagement; joint oil venture with Nigeria; government owns 90% of land; high debt, partly from fuel subsidies; tourism gutted by COVID-19

240,254Population2025

69.2 %Urban population2025

$4,084GDP per capita2025

1 %GDP growth2025

11 %Inflation2025

13 %Extreme poverty (international line)2017

9.1 %Unemployment2025

87.4 %Adult literacy2019

59.1 %Internet users2024

77.7 %Access to electricity2024

Refugees and displaced people

28refugees and asylum seekers from the country2025

Indicators: World Bank (CC BY 4.0); refugees and displaced people: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder. Latest available year for each figure.

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe5 / 15

Arms bearers

Armed and security forces

Armed Forces of Sao Tome and Principe (Forcas Armadas de Sao Tome e Principe, FASTP): Army, Coast Guard of Sao Tome e Principe (Guarda Costeira de Sao Tome e Principe, GCSTP), Presidential Guard, National Guard (2025)

Informative list, to be complemented by your organisation's security analysis and NGO security forums.

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe6 / 15

Warnings and insurance

UK government (FCDO) travel advice. Some guidance is aimed at British nationals; always follow your organisation's instructions.

Before you travel 

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

Travel insurance 

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency. 

About FCDO travel advice

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice. 

Get travel advice updates

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated. 

Follow FCDO:   

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe7 / 15

Recent security

Organised violence events recorded by UCDP, July – September 2026.

No organised violence event recorded in the country over this period.

PríncipeSão Tomé
Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe8 / 15

Safety and security

Terrorism  

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.      

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in São Tomé and Príncipe 

Although there’s no recent history of terrorism in São Tomé and Príncipe, attacks cannot be ruled out.   

Political situation  

Economic difficulties and political rows over the handling of investments in São Tomé and Príncipe’s development can occasionally lead to civil unrest. 

Crime 

The crime rate in São Tomé and Príncipe is generally low, but burglaries and armed robberies can happen. You can take steps to reduce your risk and help protect your belongings, including: 

  • not wearing expensive jewellery or carrying large amounts of cash 
  • not taking valuables to the beach 
  • keeping valuable documents somewhere secure, such as a hotel safe 

Laws and cultural differences 

Illegal drugs and prison sentences 

There are severe penalties for all drug offences. Pack all luggage yourself and do not carry anything through customs for anyone else.   

LGBT+ travellers 

Same-sex sexual activity is legal in São Tomé and Príncipe. Attitudes towards same-sex relationships are less tolerant than in the UK and showing affection in public may attract unwanted and negative attention. 

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers. 

Money 

Credit cards are not widely accepted in São Tomé and Príncipe. Check if your hotel or restaurant accepts credit cards. There are only a small number of ATMs. You can withdraw cash from the main bank in the capital city, São Tomé. 

Transport risks  

Road travel 

If you are planning to drive in São Tomé and Príncipe, see information on driving abroad. 

You’ll need to have both the correct version of the international driving permit (IDP) and your UK driving licence with you in the car. 

Road conditions 

Many roads are in poor condition and unlit, particularly outside the capital. Animals often walk on roads at night. Landslides after heavy rain can block roads. 

Public transport 

Taxis and motorbike taxis (‘motoqueiros’) are the only forms of public transport. They are often unsafe and in poor condition. It’s common for people to share taxis.  

Air travel 

The UK Air Safety List (ASL) lists all known airlines in São Tomé and Príncipe that do not meet international safety standards and are banned from operating commercial air services to, from, and within the UK. Check the UK Air Safety List when considering which airlines to fly with. The list is maintained by the Department for Transport, based on advice from the UK Civil Aviation Authority.  

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe9 / 15

Health

Health indicators

69.9yearsLife expectancy2024

13.6per 1,000 live birthsUnder-5 mortality2024

75per 100,000 live birthsMaternal mortality2023

30.1per 1,000 people at riskMalaria (new cases)2024

0.46per 1,000 peoplePhysicians2022

78 %Basic drinking water access2024

Health risks and precautions (official advice)

Before you travel check that: 

  • your destination can provide the healthcare you may need 
  • you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation 

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant. 

Emergency medical number 

Call 222 22 22 and ask for an ambulance. 

Contact your insurance company quickly if you’re referred to a medical facility for treatment. 

Vaccine recommendations and health risks 

At least 8 weeks before your trip: 

See what health risks you’ll face in São Tomé and Príncipe.

Medication 

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries. 

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro. 

Healthcare in São Tomé and Príncipe 

Medical facilities on São Tomé and Príncipe are limited and many health conditions need evacuation to Europe, South Africa, Ghana or Gabon for treatment. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation. 

Travel and mental health 

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro. 

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe10 / 15

Entry and visas

For other nationalities:
  • Visa-free (46): Angola, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Equatorial Guinea, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Morocco, Mozambique, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Slovakia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Timor-Leste, Togo, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States
  • Visa on arrival (1): China
  • E-visa to apply for online before travel (124): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, DR Congo, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Passport Index Data (passportindex.org), MIT licence. Indicative, for a tourist stay; always check with the embassy or consulate. (17 February 2026)

Work visa and humanitarian permit

  • A tourist visa does not allow you to work: your organisation usually applies for a work or mission visa, with an invitation letter and the NGO's registration with the authorities.
  • It often takes several weeks: have a passport valid for at least 6 months, photos, diplomas, contract and international vaccination certificate ready.
  • United Nations staff travel on the laissez-passer with an official visa requested by the agency.
Detailed entry requirements (FCDO, for British travellers)

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of São Tomé and Príncipe’s current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in São Tomé and Príncipe set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the São Tomé and Príncipe Embassy in Brussels, or email the São Tomé and Príncipe authorities. 

Passport validity requirements 

Your passport must be valid for the duration of your stay.  

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.  

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen. 

Dual nationals

When returning to the UK, British citizens must carry a valid British passport or certificate of entitlement. See Dual citizenship.

Visa requirements 

You can visit São Tomé and Príncipe for tourism for a period of up to 15 days without a visa.  

To stay longer (to work or study, for business travel or for other reasons), you must meet the São Tomé and Príncipe government’s entry requirements. 

Border control 

You must pay a 20-euro entry fee when you arrive in the country. You can also pay in US dollars or local currency.

Vaccine requirements  

To enter São Tomé and Príncipe, you must have a certificate to prove you’ve had a yellow fever vaccination if you’re coming from a country listed as a transmission risk.

For full details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro’s São Tomé and Príncipe guide.  

Customs rules 

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of São Tomé and Príncipe. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.  

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe11 / 15

Humanitarian coordination

Before you arrive, register with the coordination bodies: they share alerts, cluster meetings and useful contacts.

Clusters: health, nutrition, protection, WASH, food security, shelter, education, logistics, emergency telecommunications and CCCM. OCHA publishes their meetings and contacts in each country where they are activated.

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe12 / 15

Humanitarians on the ground

Organisations hiring in the country, based on open jobs on the site:

PNUD · 1

See jobs in Sao Tome and PrincipeFunding ↗Tenders ↗Train in field security

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe13 / 15

Region by region

Violence over the last 3 months, jobs and passages of official advice that mention the region.

Príncipe : 0 jobSão Tomé : 1 job
Jobs by region · The darker the region, the more open jobs it has.

São Tomé

No organised violence recorded over the period.

1 job →

What official advice says

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of São Tomé and Príncipe’s current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in São Tomé and Príncipe set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the São Tomé and Príncipe Embassy in Brussels, or email the São Tomé and Príncipe authorities.

Príncipe

No organised violence recorded over the period.

What official advice says

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of São Tomé and Príncipe’s current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in São Tomé and Príncipe set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the São Tomé and Príncipe Embassy in Brussels, or email the São Tomé and Príncipe authorities.

Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe14 / 15

Arrival checklist

  1. Before departure: read the country security plan and your organisation's procedures (SOPs).
  2. Check your health, repatriation and evacuation insurance for this country, including conflict areas.
  3. Vaccines and prevention: yellow fever, malaria and other risks, with a travel health clinic.
  4. Documents: passport valid for at least 6 months, visa or permit, paper and digital copies, ID photos.
  5. On arrival: briefing with the security focal point, register your contact details, get the emergency contact list.
  6. Communications: local phone, radio or satellite phone, call sign and check-in procedure.
  7. Movements: movement rules, curfew, no-go areas, mission authorisations and convoys.
  8. Contingency plan: assembly points, hibernation, relocation, evacuation and a ready grab bag.
  9. Health on site: referral medical facilities, first aid kit, safe drinking water.
  10. Culture: dress, greetings, photos (always ask consent, avoid sensitive sites), relations with the authorities.
  11. Coordination: NGO forum, cluster meetings, humanitarian access and civil-military coordination.
  12. Wellbeing: rest, stress management, psychosocial support offered by your organisation.
Orientation briefing: Sao Tome and Principe15 / 15

Sources and disclaimer

This briefing gathers public information to prepare a mission. It does not replace your organisation's security analysis, your security focal point's instructions or the country's authorities.

  • Travel advice: FCDO, GOV.UK, contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0; layout by Humanitaires Jobs, not affiliated with the UK government.
  • Violence: UCDP Candidate Events Dataset v26.0.9, Uppsala University, CC BY 4.0 licence; provisional data, country and region figures calculated by Humanitaires Jobs.
  • Visas: Passport Index Data, MIT licence.
  • Indicators: World Bank (CC BY 4.0); refugees and displaced people: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder. Latest available year for each figure.
  • Country profiles: The World Factbook (CIA), public domain, last edition (2025-2026).